Est publié, dans cet article, un nouveau décret d’Akraiphia en l’honneur des métèques de la cité qui ont participé à une guerre contre un Démétrios. Ce Démétrios doit être identifié avec le roi Démétrios Poliorcète et la guerre doit être datée de la période des révoltes des Béotiens contre Démétrios Poliorcète au début du iiie s. av. J.‑C. La cité accorde aux métèques le privilège d’isotélie.

Proxeny decrees and military catalogs found during the excavation of an early byzantine basilica at Agia Paraskévi in Chaeronea In this article are presented 5 proxeny decrees et 7 military catalogues of Chaeronea. These inscriptions were found by Georgios Sotiriadis in his excavation at the early byzantine of Agia Paraskévi in the south of Chaeronea. This publication was made possible thanks mostly to the photographs made by the epigraphist Michel Feyel at the end of the thirties. These inscriptions provide important (...) information about the foreign relationships of Chaernea, the prosopography, onomastics and demography of this city. (shrink)

Dans cet addendum est proposée une datation plus précise des trois catalogues militaires de Chéronée parus dans le BCH 131 (2007).

Est ici publiée une stèle inédite, composée de deux fragments découverts en 2012 et 2017 et portant sept catalogues militaires de la cité de Chorsiai en Béotie du Sud‑Ouest. Ces documents, gravés sans doute par le même lapicide, s’échelonnent, d’après la nouvelle chronologie des archontes fédéraux, entre 223/222 et ca. 194/193 av. J.‑C. On compte un nouvel archonte, Kalliklès, qui peut être daté de 196/195. L’analyse de ces documents est l’occasion d’une réflexion portant principalement sur deux points : d’une part, (...) les modalités d’application de la possible réforme militaire intervenue en Béotie dans le dernier quart du iiie s. malgré la présence d’éphèbes thyréaphores sous l’archonte Hippias I (221/220), alors que sous le même archonte à Aigosthènes ils sont classés parmi les peltophores ; d’autre part, le nombre de conscrits (entre un et sept) et la manière dont ce polisma contribuait, selon ses forces, à l’effort militaire du koinon béotien. (shrink)

Présentation d'un sceau de pain eucharistique trouvé en 1987, dans une couche de la 2e moitié du Ve s. ou des premières décennies du VIe s. ap. J.-C. Le sceau est circulaire (diam. 7,6 cm) et porte en son centre une croix de Malte, inscrite dans un cercle comportant une couronne de vingt-deux cavités. L'étude iconologique du sceau conduit à penser que cet objet, malgré son aspect modeste et de peu de prix, constitue en fait un important témoignage sur les (...) préférences et les choix de l'église d'Argos en ce qui concerne les pains offerts par les fidèles pour la célébration de la Sainte Liturgie. Les cavités de la couronne périphérique représentent probablement une forme annonciatrice des «parcelles» telles que nous les connaissons par la période byzantine postérieure et la pratique liturgique orthodoxe actuelle. Parallèlement, on procède à un examen des données concernant la topographie monumentale chrétienne, tant de la ville que de ses alentours immédiats, et l'on avance avec prudence l'hypothèse de l'existence d'une église paléochrétienne encore inconnue dans la zone de l'agora. (shrink)

Étude de trois « oursons » de la Crète occidentale conservés au musée de La Ganée. Les deux premiers proviennent de Lissos et le troisième d'une fouille fortuite à Souda. L'enquête iconographique et comparative a fait apparaître le caractère attique affirmé qui domine, surtout à la fin du ive et au début du ine s. av. J.-C., dans certaines sculptures de la région. Ils s'apparentent particulièrement aux oursons de Brauron, aux enfants de l'Asklépiéion de Sounion et du temple d'Hithyie, ainsi (...) qu'à certaines sculptures de Cyrène, ce qui renforce l'idée d'un contact étroit entre la Crète, Cyrène et Athènes, au ive s. av. J.-C. du moins. (shrink)

Cet article propose la première publication complète d’un monument consacré par les Thespiens aux Muses dans leur sanctuaire au pied de l’Hélicon, dont les éléments constitutifs sont connus depuis le xixe s., et notamment depuis les fouilles de P. Jamot au Val des Muses. Les statues en bronze de petite taille des neuf Muses se dressaient sur une base en arc de cercle d’une ampleur de ca 10 m, placée dans un écrin architectural largement ouvert sur l’extérieur. Un nouveau lustre (...) est donné à ce groupe statuaire hellénistique exceptionnel à l’époque d’Auguste par la gravure, sous chacune des figures, d’une épigramme descriptive et érudite signée par le poète corinthien Honestos. Est ainsi conservé l’un des rares exemples archéologiques de recueil de poèmes décrivant des œuvres d’art figuré. L’analyse des épigrammes et l’observation détaillée des mortaises de fixation visibles à la face supérieure des blocs de la base permettent d’émettre des hypothèses sur les types utilisés pour la représentation des Muses, mais aussi d’assurer, au‑delà de tout doute, que les statues prenaient place au milieu d’ornements végétaux en bronze qui évoquaient le paysage du Val des Muses. La représentation de la nature comme élément non plus secondaire, mais essentiel d’un groupe sculpté correspond aux recherches nouvelles de la basse époque hellénistique. Faute de fouilles exhaustives du sanctuaire des Muses, l’emplacement du monument ne peut être déterminé avec certitude. Des lettres de remontage nous apprennent en revanche qu’il a été déplacé, peut‑être à l’époque où furent gravés les poèmes d’Honestos. (shrink)

Il s'est passé quelque chose avec notre corps dont nous n'avons pas encore pris toute la mesure. Il était le "tombeau de l'âme" pour Socrate, la source du péché pour les chrétiens, ce dont il fallait apprendre à se détacher parce qu'il nous voue à la souffrance, à la maladie et à la mort. Ayant gagné quarante ans d'espérance de vie en un siècle, nous voyons au contraire dans le corps le lieu de notre salut. Il n'est plus notre ennemi, (...) mais notre double : nous l'écoutons, nous le consultons, nous demandons à la science et aux technologies, mais aussi au droit et à la politique, de l'entretenir et de le protéger, au sport d'augmenter sa puissance, à la mode de l'embellir, au cinéma de le glorifier... Notre époque aurait-elle accompli la "divinisation du corps" que Nietzsche appelait de ses voeux? Cet essai intempestif, nourri d'une très intime fréquentation de l'oeuvre nietzschéenne et portant un regard aiguisé sur les transformations de notre sensibilité, soutient que le corps est bien plutôt devenu une nouvelle idole, un fétiche idéalisé en regard duquel notre corps réel, fini, souffrant, multiple et obscur, se sent toujours en défaut, inaccompli, coupable même. Reste alors à imaginer, au-delà de tout moralisme, ce que serait l'existence d'un individu qui se conformerait vraiment à la formule de Zarathoustra: "Je suis corps tout entier et rien d'autre.". (shrink)

Editio princeps de l'inscription d'un épistomion en or trouvé dans un cimetière romain à Sfakaki près de Réthymnon. Le nouveau texte est étudié en corrélation avec les onze lamelles en or inscrites qui constituent un sous-groupe des lamelles orphico-dionysiaques ; la brièveté de leurs inscriptions s'explique sans doute par le souci de préserver le secret. Dans la série des lamelles orphico-dionysiaques, c'est seulement le second texte — l'autre provient aussi de Crète — dans lequel sont invoqués à la fois Pluton (...) et Persephone. La présence de Pluton ne résulte pas du mélange de croyances orphiques avec celles de quelque culte local similaire. Elle appartient, au contraire, à la tradition orphico-dionysiaque, comme le suggèrent les scènes d'un cratère apulien aujourd'hui à Tolède, et évoque peut-être une étape ultérieure du voyage initiatique dans l'au-delà. La provenance de cet épistomion, mais aussi des sept autres lamelles inscrites, montre qu'à la fin de l'époque hellénistique et pendant l'époque romaine on pratiquait dans la région d'Éleftherna, au Nord de l'Ida, un culte fondé sur des croyances orphico-dionysiaques. (shrink)

Publication d'une base de statue animalière du IVe siècle portant une dédicace métrique à la triade apollinienne par un Kydoniate qui fut prêtre des Theoi Pantes. Caractère remarquable de la gravure stoichèdon. Identification de l'école de sculpture attique (Crésilas de Kydonia) à laquelle était dû le bronze disparu. Essai de restitution. Étude d'un second texte — inscription honorifique pour un noble kydoniate — gravé à la fin du Ier siècle avant J.-C. sous la base qui fut remployée dans un monument (...) romain inconnu. (shrink)

Le poste routier du lieu-dit Παράγκα, à Χοιρόμανδρες, est l'un des postes de garde les plus importants de la route reliant l'habitat minoen d'Aμπέλoς (Ξηρόκαμπος) à la région fortement peuplée de Πάνω Ζάκρος et à la ville palatiale du même nom. La dernière campagne de fouille de la construction, dans le courant de l'année 1989, et les études topographiques complémentaires effectuées dans la vallée de Χοιρόμανδρες, ont confirmé qu'il s'agit d'une puissante construction à caractère défensif, s'insérant dans un programme plus (...) vaste, destiné à contrôler les communications. Il fut fondé au MM II et resta en usage jusqu'au MR IB, époque à laquelle il s'écroula, mais il est impossible de préciser si son utilisation a changé lors des occupations successives. L'aménagement architectural et les trouvailles ont des parallèles, aussi bien dans d'autres postes de garde routiers que dans des édifices datant du Minoen Moyen, l'époque où devrait avoir été dessiné le réseau routier minoen. (shrink)

On the philosophy of Guru Nanak, 1469-1538, 1st guru of Sikhs.

Study of the Rājamārtaṇḍa Sanskrit commentaryof Bhojaraja, King of Malwa, on Yogasūtra of Patañjali, compendium of Yoga philosophy.

The paper replies to an earlier paper by Yannis Stephanou, who presented an argument purportedly showing the falsity of certain instances of the characteristic axiom of the modal logic B. The paper argues that the B axiom was not to blame for the unsoundness of Stephanou's argument.

Au 1er janvier 2014 le personnel scientifique était composé de Alexandre Farnoux, directeur, de Julien Fournier, directeur des études antiques et byzantines et de Maria Couroucli directeur des études modernes et contemporaines. Étaient membres à cette date : 4e année : Guillaume Biard, Cécile Oberweiler, Tchavdar Marinov ;3e année : Sylvain Perrot ;2e année : Antoine Chabrol, Maria Xénaki et Basma Zerouali ;1re année : Anna Cannavò, Yannis Kalliontzis, Ludovic Thély.Étaient membres étrangers...

Dans le Beyrouth des annees 1910-1920, deux hommes et deux femmes, ayant en commun des origines grecques et le metier d'ecrivain-journaliste, voient leurs destins se croiser autour du mouvement arabiste. Considere aujourd'hui comme martyr de la Nation libanaise, Petro Paoli (1882-1916) est condamne en raison de ses ecrits par le tribunal ottoman d'exception de Aley et execute le 6 mai 1916. Constantin Yanni (1885-1947) echappe au meme sort et se rend au Hijaz ou il prend part a la Grande revolte (...) menee par le Cherif Hussein. Marie Ajami (1888-1965), fiancee tragique de Petro et Marie Yanni (1890-1975), sur de Constantin, menent un double-combat en faveur de la cause feministe et de l'independance nationale. Ce livre suit le cheminement de la quete d'un Quatuor qui entraine l'auteur dans le dedale des identites multiples, entre memoire et oubli. Le temps de la recherche rythme le recit. Les carnets de bord tenus par Basma Zerouali tissent une trame dans laquelle viennent s'inserer compte-rendu historique, documents d'archives, photographies et entretiens realises lors d'enquetes de terrain. L'actualite d'alors s'y dessine par petites touches, de la France au Liban en passant par la Grece des annees de " crise " ou le Damas du dernier ete avant la guerre. Membre scientifique de l'Ecole francaise d'Athenes, Basma Zerouali y dirige depuis 2012 le programme de recherche La Grece et le monde arabe. Elle a collabore durant plusieurs annees aux recherches du Centre d'etudes d'Asie Mineure a Athenes et a enseigne a l'Universite de Chypre. Elle est l'auteur de nombreux travaux portant sur le cosmopolitisme et le metissage culturel en Mediterranee orientale. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:From the Front NICOLAS ALIFERIS (Translated by Avi Sharon) The poems in Nicolas Aliferis’s 1998 collection “From the Front” offer a panorama of postcard views and epistolary voices from across the Greek oikoumene during the years 1897 through 1922. While the title has military tones, they are not all soldier’s letters. In point of fact, this was a period when the territorial limits of Greece, “the Front,” were undergoing (...) near constant alteration—“like the ink drunk in by blotting paper” as Seferis wrote in a poem about Europe at the beginning of the Second World War. The front, therefore, could be almost anywhere during this period, and certainly in the minds of almost every Greek. The Greco-Turkish War of 1897, stemming from irredentist forces in Crete, was the earliest outbreak, and put that island on a path toward union with the mainland. After that came the string of Balkan conflagrations before, during, and after ww i, that would more than double the land mass and population of Greece. The sequence of Treaties that, one by one, concluded each stage in these disputes (from that of Constantinople in 1897, to Sevres in 1920) brought Crete, Epirus, much of Macedonia, and then Thrace and the Dodecanese islands within the limits of Greece proper. The “front” was therefore more an idea than a line on a map, and the experience of it was not limited to actual soldiers in real trenches. The distinct personae that animate each poem range from conscripts in training camps to villagers turned mercenaries to city-bound merchants and other figures, high and low. The poems themselves are drawn from various sources: some were personal letters in the poet’s own family archive, others were drawn from written history arion 28.2 fall 2020 124 from the front and newspaper scraps, while some are more purely hypothetical. They present an imaginary memento of the experiences and voices of that period, and the struggle, personal and national, that helped inform the shape and meaning of what Greece is today. Nicolas Aliferis 125 the death of chakalarov We did away with Chakalarov and Popov, those terrors to the villages. They’d collect our lira then make their way to the north. When word reached Macedonia it was a huge relief. Now we’re in the mountains, all sixteen of us, walking the trails covered in fog, holed up in the rocks, always on lookout. The cold is fierce: ice, snow, gnashing teeth. Our enemies raging and the Bulgarians wild as bears. So much blood, deep red. Beyond to the east, gleaming peacefully, the lakes, Ostrovou and Sorovitz. 126 from the front dombro betser I received your letter. With so much happening here there was little time to write. But we haven’t forgotten you; every day there’s some mention of your name. How are you finding Macedonia— her mountains, her rivers? You were not joking with our neighbors, I see. Where will this story end for us? The teacher from the Monastery, she asks about you: “And Mr. Pelopidas...” she begins, then lowers her eyes. Here the knives are out. Oh Lord, will we ever get over it? Nicolas Aliferis 127 adrianople 1920 I am well and wish you the same. Living is cheap here— a chicken costs just two and a half drachmas. Lately I’ve gotten to know all the upper level subordinates and quite a few merchants, Turks and Jews. In the evening there’s either study or cards. As for what you write: I say we should learn from the Belgians, Pantelis, just a little. Otherwise, I’m afraid, our race is finished! 128 from the front training camp, 1918 I’ve sent three letters and received none. Only yesterday I heard news from the trenches: the deeds of Yanni and Bicha, how they died. It rained today and is raining still. I sit alone (it’s been a while...) and write you. My comrades are outside, their eyes glued to the open spaces. How necessary for the soul— amid this solitude— to feel human. The need to hear the breath of a comrade, to stand above his gaze, to half close your... (shrink)

" Le nihilisme est devant la porte : d'où nous vient ce plus inquiétant de tous les hôtes? ", demande Nietzsche dans un fragment posthume. L'hôte est ici celui qui vient chez nous et non celui qui octroie l'hospitalité. Le nihilisme est donc cette figure étrange qui vient nous saisir dans notre maison et faire de nous, en dépit de notre résistance, des nihilistes. Mais alors, si " la catastrophe nihiliste " dont parle Nietzsche s'abat sur nous et nous pétrifie (...) sur notre propre seuil, comment devons-nous entendre la dénonciation nietzschéenne du nihilisme et sa tentative héroïque de le surmonter? Les auteurs réunis dans ce volume tentent d'éclairer le sens de la direction à prendre en ces temps obscurs où, toujours selon Nietzsche, nous ne savons plus où aller, où venir parce que nous avons perdu le sens de la terre. Le nihilisme est peut-être la seule lumière qui permet d'éclairer le caractère équivoque du monde moderne. Mais c'est une lumière noire. Ont participé à la rédaction de cet ouvrage : Yannis Constantinidès, Marc Crépon, françoise Dastur, Paolo D'Iorio, Thierry Gontier, Dominique Janicaud, Mathieu Kessler, Jean-Paul Larthomas, Marc de Launay, Jean-François Mattéi, Olivier Ponton, franco Volpi. (shrink)

Background Ethical considerations play a prominent role in the protection of human subjects in clinical research. To date the disclosure of ethical protection in clinical research published in the international nursing journals has not been explored. Our research objective was to investigate the reporting of ethical approval and informed consent in clinical research published in leading international nursing journals. Methods This is a retrospective observational study. All clinical research published in the five leading international nursing journals from the SCI Journal (...) Citation Reports between 2015 and 2017 were retrieved to evaluate for evidence of ethical review. Results A total of 2041 citations have been identified from the contents of all the five leading nursing journals that were published between 2015 and 2017. Out of these, 1284 clinical studies have been included and text relating to ethical review has been extracted. From these, most of prospective clinical studies discussed informed consent. Only half of those reported that written informed consent had been obtained; few reported oral consent, and few used other methods such as online consent or completion and return of data collection to denote assent. Notably, 36.2% of those did not describe the method used to obtain informed consent and merely described that “consent was obtained from participants or participants agreed to join in the research”. Furthermore, whilst most of clinical studies mentioned ethical approval; 92.5% of those stated the name of ethical committee and interestingly, only 37.1% of those mentioned the ethical approval reference. The rates of reporting ethical approval were different between different study type, country, and whether financial support was received. Conclusion The reporting of ethics in leading international nursing journals demonstrates progress, but improvement of the transparency and the standard of ethical reporting in nursing clinical research is required. (shrink)

The work of Jacques Lacan is second only to Freud in its impact on psychoanalysis. Yannis Stavrakakis clearly examines Lacan's challenging views on time, history, language, alterity, desire and sexuality from a political standpoint. It is the first book to provide an overview of the social and political implications of Lacan's work as a whole for students coming to Lacan for the first time. The first part of _Lacan and the Political_ offers a straightforward and systematic assessment of the (...) importance of Lacan's categories and theoretical constructions for concrete political analysis. The second half of the book applies Lacanian theory to specific examples of widely discussed political issues, such as Green ideology, the question of democracy and the hegemony of advertising in contemporary culture. (shrink)

In this paper, I investigate a system of quantified modal logic, due in many respects to Bressan (see [2]), from several perspectives -- both semantic and proof-theoretic. As Anderson and Belnap note in [1]: "It seems to be generally conceded that formal systems are natural or substantial if they can be looked at from several points of view. We tend to think of systems as artificial or ad hoc if most of their formal properties arise from some one notational system (...) in terms of which they are described." My efforts in this paper will be in part to lend substantiality to the system in question. Several formulation of the system are given and proved equivalent in appropriate senses. Also, some comments are made concerning possible alternative formulations. (shrink)

Populist Discourse: Recasting Populism Research offers a refreshingly original discourse theory perspective on populist phenomena. Reading this book will help you learn the historical genealogy of significant populist phenomena from the end of the 19th century onwards and the main conceptual/theoretical accounts established to analyze them. Specifics on how mainstream conceptualizations of populism both in academia and public discourse are discussed in order to map new promising avenues for research beyond. Inspired by the works of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, (...) directions and challenges that open themselves up once conceptual reflexivity, theoretical awareness and historical alertness are established as guiding principles in populism research. Accessible language without sacrificing attention to detail, bibliographical support and a focus on the future orientation of populism research, The Populist Scandal is written for an advanced undergraduate and graduate-level school political theory reader, as well as for their professors. Due to its interdisciplinary character, it will appeal to various politically-informed area studies, and the broad field of ideology and discourse analysis. (shrink)

Place is a key concept in environmental studies and criticism. However, it is often overlooked as a dimension of situatedness in social studies of information. Rather, situatedness has been defined primarily as embodiment or social context. This paper explores place attachments in Big Data by adapting close and distant approaches for reading texts to examine the accessions data of the Arnold Arboretum, a living collection of trees, vines and shrubs established by Harvard University in 1872. Although it is an early (...) and unconventional example of the phenomenon, there are several reasons that the Arboretum is a useful site for investigating the relationship between Big Data and place. First, the category of place is embedded in a range of data fields used in the Arboretum’s records. Second, the Arboretum has long sought to be a place in which scientists and citizens alike can encounter large collections of data firsthand. Third, the place has shaped fluctuations in the daily production of data over the course of the Arboretum’s 144 year history. Furthermore, Arboretum data can help us see place in ways not necessarily tied to geolocation. Each of these place attachments suggests a different way in which data can be environmental: by being about, in, from, or generative of place. Taken together, these attachments offer a model for examining other data in relation to their environments. Moreover, the paper contends that rather than being detached from place, as prevailing discourses suggest, Big Data bring together more and further reaching place attachments than data sets of smaller sizes. (shrink)

Background: It is acknowledged that publishers now require all primary research papers to demonstrate that they have obtained ethical approval for their research. Objectives: To assess the rate of reporting of ethical approval in clinical trials in core nursing journals in mainland China. Research design: A retrospective observational study. Participants: All clinical trials published in all of the 12 core nursing periodicals from 2016 edition China Science and Technology Journal Citation Report (core version) between 2013 and 2016 were retrieved by (...) hand to explicate rate of reporting ethical approval and informed consent. Ethical considerations: The study did not require approval from the research ethics committee as it did not involve human subjects or records. Results: In total, 40,278 papers were published in 12 nursing periodicals between 2013 and 2016. Out of these, 9488 (23.6%) focused on clinical trials. Informed consent obtained from patients or the legally authorized representative was reported in 51.8% of clinical trials. Notably, only 27.4% of clinical trials reported that they had obtained written consent. Furthermore, 25.9% of clinical trials described ethical approval; however, the rate of reporting informed consent and ethical approval in these 12 nursing journals in China during 4 years from 2013 to 2016 improved markedly, with 38.1%, 44.0%, 59.0% and 66.6%, respectively ( p < 0.001), and 17.6%, 21.9%, 28.6% and 35.8%, respectively ( p < 0.001). In addition, both reporting informed consent and reporting written informed consent had a positive significant correlation with the reporting ethical approval ( p < 0.05 or < 0.01). Conclusion: Chinese scientific nursing journals have improved the rate of reporting informed consent and ethical approval in clinical trials during the last 4 years. However, it should be noted that nearly half of clinical trials still did not report either ethical approval or whether informed consent was obtained. Efforts from editors, researchers, sponsors and authors are needed to ensure the transparency of ethical scrutiny and adherence to ethical guidelines in publishing clinical trials in Chinese nursing journals. (shrink)

The authors present their experience and practices of introducing cloud services, as a means to simplify the adoption of ICT in education, using Free/Open Source Software. The solution creates a hybrid cloud infrastructure, in order to provide a pre-installed virtual machine, acting as a server inside the school, providing desktop environment based on the Software as a Service cloud model, where legacy PCs act as stateless devices. Classroom management is accomplished using the application “Epoptes.” To minimize administration tasks, educational software (...) is provided accordingly, either on-line or through repositories to automate software installation. The advantages of the hybrid cloud implementation, include services that are not completely dependent on broadband connections’ state, minimal cost, reusability of obsolete equipment, ease of administration, centralized management, patches and educational software provisioning and, above all, facilitation of the educational procedure. (shrink)

Moral perception is typically understood as moral properties perception, i.e., the perceptual registration of moral properties such as wrongness or dignity. In this article, I defend a view of moral perception as a process that involves imaginative apprehension of reality. It is meant as an adjustment to the dominant view of moral perception as moral properties perception and as an addition to existing Murdochian approaches to moral perception. The view I present here builds on Iris Murdoch’s moral psychology and holds (...) that moral perception is an imaginative exploration of the particularity of concrete objects of moral reality (e.g., persons, situations, and events), rather than a registration of moral properties. I argue that such imaginative apprehension includes direct and reflective uses of imagination and that this process grounds experiential moral knowledge that serves the ultimate role of moral perception: getting a better grip on concrete objects of moral reality. (shrink)

In this paper the language of first-order modal logic is enriched with an operator @ ('actually') such that, in any model, the evaluation of a formula @A at a possible world depends on the evaluation of A at the actual world. The models have world-variable domains. All the logics that are discussed extend the classical predicate calculus, with or without identity, and conform to the philosophical principle known as serious actualism. The basic logic relies on the system K, whereas others (...) correspond to various properties that the actual world may have. All the logics are axiomatized. (shrink)

The aim of this essay is to consider the nature of the philosophical task and of the conditions of its possibility according to Parmenides and Plato. With these thinkers, the task of the philosopher necessitates a propaedeutic activity that makes the doing of philosophy possible; that is, both Parmenides and Plato identify the need for a philosophical education that would alleviate the obstacles that would make philosophy impossible to practise, ensuring and accounting for the possibility of philosophical practice. The impossibility (...) of philosophical practice concerns the philosopher’s claim and obligation to occupy a place (τόπος) from which to contemplate being. The problem becomes conspicuous, for the first time, in the first lines of the first fragment of the first text of pure ontology: in the proemium of Parmenides’ poem. I will argue that the proemium has a crucial philosophical function that binds it integrally to the argument of the poem. This function consists in the implementation of a philosophical propaedeutic that makes possible the articulation of the goddess’s critique. The need for a propaedeutic stems from the nature of the project that lies ahead, that is, the project of the youth’s education. Such education takes the form of the delimitation of the realm of the beings that νοῦς can concern itself with. (shrink)

This paper outlines the rationale underpinning the conception of science education as sociopolitical action, and then presents a critique of such a conception from the perspective of liberal education. More specifically, the paper discusses the importance of the conception of science education as sociopolitical action and then raises questions about the content of school science, about the place and value of scientific inquiry, and about the opportunities students have for self-directed inquiry. The central idea behind the critique is that a (...) conception of science education as sociopolitical action downplays the importance of knowledge for its own sake and totally neglects the personal/aesthetic dimension of science. (shrink)